اسامی و نام های ماههای سال در تقویم های گوناگون

[کارگر سایت]

اسامی و نام های ماههای سال در تقویم های گوناگون

کردی	شمسی	قمری	میلادی	هخامنشی	الموت	رومی
خاکه لیوه	فروردین	محرم	ژانویه	چمن آرا	حمل(بره)	آزار
گولان	اردیبهشت	صفر	فوریه	گل آور	ثور(گاو)	نیسان
جوزردان	خرداد	ربیع الاول	مارس	جان پرور	جوزا(دوقلو)	ایتار
پوش په ر	تیر	ربیع الثانی	آوریل	گرماخیز	سرطان(خرچنگ)	حریزان
گه لاویژ	مرداد	جمادی الاول	مه	آتش بیشه	اسد(شیر)	تموز
خه رمانان	شهریور	جمادی الثانی	ژوئن	جهانبخش	سنبله(خوشه گندم)	آسامه
ره زه به ر	مهر	رجب	ژوئیه	دژخوی	میزان(ترازو)	ایلول
خه زه لوه ر	آبان	شعبان	اوت	باران ریز	کژدم(عقرب)	تشرین اول
سه رماوه ز	آذر	رمضان	سپتامبر	اندوه خیز	قوس(کمان)	تشرین آخر
به فران بار	دی	شوال	اکتبر	سرماده	جدی(بزغاله)	کانون اول
ری به ندان	بهمن	ذیقعده	نوامبر	برف آزر	دلو(ظرف آب)	کانون آخر
ره شه مه	اسفند	ذیحجه	دسامبر	مشکین فام	حوت(ماهی)	شباط

منبع:مجله نوروزی

[کارگر سایت]

البته در کردی سورانی به جای اردیبهشت بانه مر گفته میشه

مانگی بانه مر له کورده واری
به هه شت له دنیا خوی داوه دیاری
که ژ پوشی له گول چادری سوور و زه رد
هاری هه لدیران ده رمانه بو ده رد (ماموستا هه ژار)

[دانه کولانه]

Kurdish and Iranian Month names By Siamak Rezaei Durroei

In previous issues of KURDICA [3] we explained the meaning of Kurdish months. What are the origins of these months and what is their trace in the history? We will look at these issues in this essay. The Kurdish months are not the names of angels or people, but the names are closely linked to the overall conditions of weather, people and nature. "Befranbar (snowing)" is the first month of winter when it snows in Kurdistan. "Rêbendan (Blocking of the roads)" is the second month of the winter in which some of the roads are closed or blocked. The Kurdish months are contrasted with Zodiac and Persian months in the following table. The Modern Persian months are based on [1] and the Old Persian months are based on [2]. Zodiac Kurdish Persian Old Persian Aries "Xakelêwe" (fresh grass) Farvardin (religion-glory) Âdu-kanaisha (channel-digging) Taurus (Ram) 1) "Banemer" (Summar place) 2) "Gulan" (Flowers) Ordi-behesht (right-best) Dhûra-vâhara (Bahar) Gemini (Twins) Cozerdan (barley-harvest) Khor-dad (water-protector) Dhaigar-chi (garlic-collecting) Cancer (Crab) Rezber (grape tree) Tir(Swift) (rain protecor) Garma-pada heat-moment Leo (Lion) Poshper (flying-crop) [a-]Mor-dad (Im-mortality) *Dhurna-baxshi ?-giving Virgo (Virgin) Gelawêj (gathered crop) Shahr-ivar (desirable-city) *Garma-baxshi heat-giving Libra (Balance) Xermanan (harvest) Mehr (Mithra) Bâga-yâdi (God-worship) Scorpio (Scorpion) 1)Xezelwer 2)Gelarêzan (leaf-dropping) Ab-an (Water) *Vrk-aj/zana (wolf-driving) Sagittarius (the archer) Sermawez (cold-wind) Azar (Fire) Âchi-yâadiya (Fire-worship) Capricorn (the goat) Befranbar (snowing) Dey[dar] (creator) A-nâma-ka without-name Aquarius (water bearer) Rêbendan (road-Blocking) Bah-man (Good-nature) *Zam-ima (Winter) Pisecs (fish) Resheme (blackness) Esfand[-armatia] (holy-love) viyaxna digging Table 1: Zodiac, Kurdish and Persian Months The Modern Persian months, unlike Kurdish, are based on religious and Zoroastrian months. As the data shows the old Persian months are closer to the Modern Kurdish months and they are based on the climate change and farming events. [2] suggests that these months are analgous to the Babylonian months. Still there are some connections between Old and New Persian months (like Fire [worshipping]) which are missing in Modern Kurdish, but the names of seasons of spring and Winter in both Modern Kurdish and Persian are similar to the vahar and Zam months in old Persian. It is interesting to note that the present Modern Persian months were not even used by Cyrus and Dariush (the kings of Persia) in their inscriptions and this change has happened in a later time. Kurosh even refers to the Babylonian God Mardukh in his inscriptions which shows the transition from Babylonian influenced notions to the Zoroastrian terms in later periods. Dariush was the first Persian king who refered to Zarostarian Ahuramazda as his main supporter (probably against his rival's use of Mithra), but even he did not refer to other Zoroastrian terms like Zardusht, Ahriman and their angles and months. The Kurdish data suggests that the wolf-driving interpretation for "vrk-azana" in [2] might be a wrong interpretation and if the Kurdish and old-Persian months refer to the same semantic notion (i.e. falling of the leaves) then vrk-azana corresponds to the present notion of barg-rizan in Modern Persian. The Kurdish months should be constrasted in different Kurdish dialects and religions practiced in Kurdistan (such as Yezidism) to get a better understanding of the history of Kurdistan and its connection to the neigbouring regions and people. The history of Kurdish months and their etymology provides weakening evidence for the claim that the Kurds were strong beleivers of Zoroaster "Zardusht" in the past. If the Kurds were strong beleivers of Zoroaster, why they did not adopt the Zoroasterian months like Persians later? References: [1] Price, Massoume, "Iranian months: Origin of the names", http://www.persianoutpost.com/htdocs/IranianMonths.html [2] Lecoq, Pierre, Les inscriptions de la Perse achéménide, Gallimard, 1997. [3] Fatah, Rebwar and Rezaei Durroei, Siamak, New year Editorial of Kurdica, January 1998.